Por Liliana E. González @LilianaElena
The International Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers, ICANN is an international nonprofit organization created in September 1998. Among other functions, ICANN is responsible for the system of administration of domain names or DNS (Domain Name System).
Top Level Domain is the last part of a domain name, the most common, more used and most recommended is the .com.
There are generic TLDs: consist of 3 or more letters and abbreviated gTLDs; Country codes consist of 2 letters representing the country, territory or geographical location to which they belong and are abbreviated as ccTLDs (Country code TLDs).
The gTLDs are subdivided into general (unsponsored) and sponsored:
Unsponsored gTLD are available for registration by any person or business:
.com - (commercial) This is the most common for domain names. It is also widely used in personal Web sites.
.net - Originally representing Internet Service Providers (ISP). It currently has widespread use.
.org - Usually represents non-profit organizations or groups
.biz - For business (business)
.info - primarily informational sites
.pro - Used for specific professions, usually intended for licensed professions. Examples include: Attorneys, Doctors etc.
A sponsored TLD is a specialized top-level domain that has a sponsor representing a specific community served by the domain. The communities involved are based on ethnic, geographical, professional, technical or other theme concepts proposed by private agencies or organizations that establish and enforce rules restricting the eligibility of registrants to use the TLD. For example, the .aero TLD is sponsored by SITA, which limits registrations to members of the air-transport industry. These sponsored gTLDs are:
.aero, .asia, .cat, .coop, .jobs, .mobi, .museum, .tel and .travel
ccTLDs are Country Code Top Level Domains. They are active sometimes even if the country it was created to represent no longer exists. The rules and policies for the registration of these extensions varies significantly from one another. There are already 250 different. Some of them are:
.de (Germany) is based on the first two letters of the German-language country = Deutschland. This is the second ccTLD with more demand (China is number one) and the third at a general level (the first stills .Com). To register this domain, the administrative contact must be resident in Germany and the website should refer or be related to that country. According to DENIC.de there were 12,830,677 registered .de domains on June 3rd 2009.
.cn (China) This is the first more desirable ccTLD and the second in general, after. com. This is sponsored by the Chinese Academy of Sciences and, according to data from China Internet Network Information Center there were 13,594,604 .cn recorded on June 3rd 2009.
Vanity ccTLDs are TLDs which are used for various purposes outside their home countries, because of their letters. They are exploding their marketing potential, for example:
.tv - (Tuvalu) Polynesian island nation located in the Pacific Ocean, midway between Hawaii and Australia. It comprises four reef islands and five true atolls. Their 5 meters elevation above sea level place Tuvalu at the risk of disappear sunk at sea. Their .Tv TLD is used for related television or enterteinment industry sites.
.fm - (Federated States of Micronesia) The Federated States of Micronesia consists of 607 islands across the archipelago of the Caroline Islands east of the Philippines. Extensions .fm is used for FM radio stations and internet radio stations.
.me - (Montenegro) European country located on the Balkan Peninsula, western Serbia, on the east coast of the Adriatic Sea. Extensions .me are used for personal sites. In fact their marketing campaign is ".me is about you".
Top Level Domain is the last part of a domain name, the most common, more used and most recommended is the .com.
There are generic TLDs: consist of 3 or more letters and abbreviated gTLDs; Country codes consist of 2 letters representing the country, territory or geographical location to which they belong and are abbreviated as ccTLDs (Country code TLDs).
The gTLDs are subdivided into general (unsponsored) and sponsored:
Unsponsored gTLD are available for registration by any person or business:
.com - (commercial) This is the most common for domain names. It is also widely used in personal Web sites.
.net - Originally representing Internet Service Providers (ISP). It currently has widespread use.
.org - Usually represents non-profit organizations or groups
.biz - For business (business)
.info - primarily informational sites
.pro - Used for specific professions, usually intended for licensed professions. Examples include: Attorneys, Doctors etc.
A sponsored TLD is a specialized top-level domain that has a sponsor representing a specific community served by the domain. The communities involved are based on ethnic, geographical, professional, technical or other theme concepts proposed by private agencies or organizations that establish and enforce rules restricting the eligibility of registrants to use the TLD. For example, the .aero TLD is sponsored by SITA, which limits registrations to members of the air-transport industry. These sponsored gTLDs are:
.aero, .asia, .cat, .coop, .jobs, .mobi, .museum, .tel and .travel
ccTLDs are Country Code Top Level Domains. They are active sometimes even if the country it was created to represent no longer exists. The rules and policies for the registration of these extensions varies significantly from one another. There are already 250 different. Some of them are:
.de (Germany) is based on the first two letters of the German-language country = Deutschland. This is the second ccTLD with more demand (China is number one) and the third at a general level (the first stills .Com). To register this domain, the administrative contact must be resident in Germany and the website should refer or be related to that country. According to DENIC.de there were 12,830,677 registered .de domains on June 3rd 2009.
.cn (China) This is the first more desirable ccTLD and the second in general, after. com. This is sponsored by the Chinese Academy of Sciences and, according to data from China Internet Network Information Center there were 13,594,604 .cn recorded on June 3rd 2009.
Vanity ccTLDs are TLDs which are used for various purposes outside their home countries, because of their letters. They are exploding their marketing potential, for example:
.tv - (Tuvalu) Polynesian island nation located in the Pacific Ocean, midway between Hawaii and Australia. It comprises four reef islands and five true atolls. Their 5 meters elevation above sea level place Tuvalu at the risk of disappear sunk at sea. Their .Tv TLD is used for related television or enterteinment industry sites.
.fm - (Federated States of Micronesia) The Federated States of Micronesia consists of 607 islands across the archipelago of the Caroline Islands east of the Philippines. Extensions .fm is used for FM radio stations and internet radio stations.
.me - (Montenegro) European country located on the Balkan Peninsula, western Serbia, on the east coast of the Adriatic Sea. Extensions .me are used for personal sites. In fact their marketing campaign is ".me is about you".
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